IIHR weather report

CROP WEATHER SITUATION

METEOROLOGICAL DATA OF    

ICAR-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH

HESSARAGHATTA LAKE P.O., BANGALORE – 560 089

 

Period: 1^stto 15^th May, 2023

Latitude : 13⁰7¹ N                              Longitude : 72⁰29¹E                          Altitude : 890 M

Fortnight	Temperature (0C)		Relative Humidity (%)		Evaporation (mm)	Wind speed (km/h)	Total Rainfall (mm) Mean Max.
	Mean Max.	Mean Min.	Mean At 7.30AM	Mean at 1.30 PM
May (1 - 15) 2023	31.05	21.29	88.87	62.93	4.92	2.07	109.4
	(33.7)	(21.2)	(78.2)	(49.2)	(5.6)	(3.7)	(63.0)

* Figures in the parentheses indicate the mean values during the corresponding period for the previous 5 years

5. Fortnight from 1^stto 15^th May, 2023

During the first fortnight of the month i.e., 1^stto 15^th May, 2023, the mean maximum temperature decreased by 2.89ºC and mean minimum temperature increased by 2.12ºC as compared to the previous fortnight. The mean maximum and minimum temperature decreased by 0.9^ºC and 1.1^ºC respectively as compared to the mean values of the corresponding period for the previous five years. The percent relative humidity in the morning and in the afternoon increased by 13.14 % and 22.53% respectively as compared to the previous fortnight. There was 109.4 mm of rainfall reported during this fortnight.

5.  Crop weather situation

The fortnight has received a significantly higher rainfall compared to the average rainfall of last five years. Higher rainfall may increase fruit drop in mango. In crops like papaya which do not tolerate water stagnation, adequate drainage may be provided to remove excess standing water. In acidic soils, lime application may be taken up. 

5. Incidence of insect pests

Under the prevailing conditions, the following pests are expected under Bangaluru  condition. Expected pests and their management are presented below:

Mango fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis:

As the fruits have attained maturity stage,   incidence of fruit fly is expected.  For its control following management measures are suggested.

Management:

• Install methyl eugenol traps @ 6 /acre. Traps can be procured from IIHR or KVKs or firms licensed to manufacture IIHR traps.
• Collection and destruction of fallen fruits
• Community approach at village level is recommended for the effective management of this pest.

Mango fruit borer:

• Collect the fallen fruits at regular intervals and destroy or bury them in a pit.
• First spray has to be given when fruits are at lemon size with any one of the insecticides viz., lambda cyhalothrin 5EC @1ml/l or indoxacarb 14.5SC@ 0.75ml/l or spinetoram 11.7SC @ 1.25ml/l. This has to be followed by second spray after 12-15 days with a botanical pesticide, azadirachtin 10000ppm @2ml/l or IIHR neem soap @10g/l.
• In case of orchards following organic /non chemical farming, first spray can be taken up with either Bt@1ml or azadirachtin 1% @2ml/l.

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer:

• Release of Trichogramma chilonis @ 75,000 per week (for four weeks), if the incidence is moderate.
• Install  pheromones traps in the field
• Collect and destroy all the affected shoot and fruits
• Spray Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 0.3 ml/l rotate with Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG @ 0.3g/liter followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 0.75 ml/litre.

Thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis on chilli

• Incidence of thrips may increase on chilli and capsicum. For its management, spray fipronil 5SC @ 1.5 ml/l or spinetoram 11.7 SC@ 1ml/litre or spinosad 45 SC @ 0.5ml/litre alternating with imidacloprid 200 SL @ 0.5 ml/l at fortnightly interval if the crop is at early stage of infestation.  Addition of 2 ml of neem oil or pongamia oil per every litre of insecticide spray solution enhances the efficacy of the chemicals against the pest. 

Two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae on rose

Management:

•  Spray  abamectin 1.8 EC @ 0.5 ml/l under polyhouse conditions.

5. Disease scenario

Disease advisories based on the weather data for first fort night of May 2023

Fruit crops:

Mango

• Stem end rot occur on mango fruits. Do careful harvesting and handling of the fruits to avoid bruise. Harvest fruits with 1- 2’’ pedicle attached to avoid Lasiodiplodia fruit rot.

Pomegranate

• Nodal Blight needs further attention due to the intermittent summer showers. Spraying of copper oxy chloride along with the sticker @ 0.5ml/l should be followed at 15 - 20 days interval.

Banana

• Incidence of Sigatoka and other leaf spots needs attention. The disease can be managed by the foliar application of propiconazole 25% EC @ 1ml/L

Vegetable crops:

Tomato

•  Under prevailing weather conditions of summer showers, bacterial leaf and fruit spot infection appears on fruits and leaves.  To manage this disease give protective foliar spray with copper oxychloride 50% WP @ (3g/l), three sprays at 15 day intervals.